| CVE |
Vendors |
Products |
Updated |
CVSS v3.1 |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ipv4: stop route notification sizing when nexthop group shrinks
Commit 680aea08e78c ("net: ipv4: Emit notification when fib
hardware flags are changed") added an RCU-only fib_nlmsg_size() call
for asynchronous hardware flag notifications.
fib_nlmsg_size() checks fib_info_num_path() before each iteration,
then fib_info_nhc() independently reloads nh->nh_grp. If
RTM_NEWNEXTHOP replaces a group with fewer paths between those loads,
fib_info_nhc() returns NULL and fib_nexthop_nlmsg_size() dereferences
it.
Stop sizing when the indexed path is absent. Nexthop groups are
dense, so the current snapshot has no later path. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ipv4: do not warn on route notification size race
Commit 680aea08e78c ("net: ipv4: Emit notification when fib hardware
flags are changed") added asynchronous route notifications for hardware
flag changes.
fib_alias_hw_flags_set() sizes the skb with fib_nlmsg_size() and later
fills it with fib_dump_info() while holding only RCU. With nexthop
compatibility mode enabled, a concurrent replacement can grow the group
between these independent snapshots. fib_dump_info() can then
legitimately return -EMSGSIZE, so the warning does not prove a sizing bug.
Remove the warning. The existing error path still frees the skb and
reports the error to listeners. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ipv6: do not warn on route notification size race
fib6_info_hw_flags_set() sizes the skb with rt6_nlmsg_size() and later
fills it with rt6_fill_node(). With nexthop compatibility mode enabled,
a concurrent replacement can grow the group between these independent
snapshots. rt6_fill_node() can then legitimately return -EMSGSIZE, so
the warning does not prove a sizing bug.
Remove the warning. The existing error path still frees the skb and
reports the error to listeners. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
btrfs: scrub: fix local_root reference leak in scrub_print_warning_inode()
When paths_from_inode() fails, scrub_print_warning_inode() jumps to err
without dropping the reference taken by btrfs_get_fs_root(), leaking a
reference to the root every time path resolution fails while printing
scrub warnings. Every other error and success path of the function
drops the reference.
Drop the reference on the paths_from_inode() failure path too. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
dm ioctl: don't let data_start run past the buffer
struct dm_ioctl has seven bytes of trailing padding, so the smallest
buffer userspace is allowed to ask for, offsetof(struct dm_ioctl, data),
is seven bytes shorter than sizeof(struct dm_ioctl).
get_result_buffer() sets data_start to sizeof(struct dm_ioctl) without
looking at how big the buffer actually is. Ask for the minimum and
data_start ends up seven bytes past the end. Callers add it to
data_size, and ctl_ioctl() copies that much back to userspace:
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in _copy_to_user+0xad/0xd0
Read of size 312 at addr ffff8880169e4c00 by task repro-dm/140
ctl_ioctl+0x5e3/0xcb0
dm_ctl_ioctl+0x25/0x40
allocated 305-byte region [ffff8880169e4c00, ffff8880169e4d31)
A DM_LIST_DEVICES with data_size set to 305 is enough to hit it, and the
seven bytes that leak are whatever sat next to the allocation.
Clamp data_start to the buffer size.
Note that this is not a security bug because the out-of-bounds read can
only be triggered by root. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
wifi: brcmfmac: fix P2P device removal race in brcmf_detach()
When the driver is removed while the user space process that created
the P2P device (e.g. wpa_supplicant) is still exiting, the P2P device
interface is removed twice and the kernel crashes.
The two paths are:
- wpa_supplicant, on exit, sends NL80211_CMD_DEL_INTERFACE for the P2P
device. nl80211_del_interface() holds RTNL and the wiphy mutex and
calls brcmf_p2p_del_vif(), which disables discovery and waits up to
1.5 s for BRCMF_E_IF_DEL. Then it calls brcmf_remove_interface(),
which unregisters the wdev and frees the vif and the ifp.
- brcmf_detach() sets the bus down, so BRCMF_E_IF_DEL never arrives,
and calls brcmf_remove_interface(ifp, false) for the same ifp.
brcmf_p2p_ifp_removed() reads ifp->vif and then blocks on
rtnl_lock(). When brcmf_p2p_del_vif() releases RTNL, it calls
cfg80211_unregister_wdev() on the wdev that was already unregistered
and freed.
The second list_del_rcu() of wdev->list faults on LIST_POISON2:
brcmfmac: brcmf_p2p_del_vif delete P2P vif
brcmfmac: brcmf_p2p_deinit_discovery enter
brcmfmac: brcmf_p2p_del_vif P2P: GO_NEG_PHASE status cleared
brcmfmac: brcmf_detach Enter
brcmfmac: brcmf_bus_change_state 1 -> 0
brcmfmac: brcmf_remove_interface Enter, bsscfgidx=1, ifidx=0
brcmfmac: brcmf_del_if Enter, bsscfgidx=1, ifidx=0
brcmfmac: brcmf_p2p_ifp_removed P2P: device interface removed
[1.5 s later, brcmf_p2p_del_vif() timed out]
brcmfmac: brcmf_remove_interface Enter, bsscfgidx=1, ifidx=0
brcmfmac: brcmf_del_if Enter, bsscfgidx=1, ifidx=0
brcmfmac: brcmf_p2p_ifp_removed P2P: device interface removed
Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address dead000000000122
Internal error: Oops: 96000044 [#1] PREEMPT_RT SMP
pc : _cfg80211_unregister_wdev+0x6c/0x264 [cfg80211]
Call trace:
_cfg80211_unregister_wdev+0x6c/0x264 [cfg80211]
cfg80211_unregister_wdev+0x10/0x1c [cfg80211]
brcmf_p2p_ifp_removed+0x84/0xb0 [brcmfmac]
brcmf_remove_interface+0x1f4/0x254 [brcmfmac]
brcmf_detach+0x88/0x180 [brcmfmac]
brcmf_sdio_remove+0x90/0x7b0 [brcmfmac]
brcmf_sdiod_remove+0x20/0xa0 [brcmfmac]
brcmf_ops_sdio_remove+0xbc/0x12c [brcmfmac]
sdio_bus_remove+0x38/0x144
device_release_driver_internal+0x1e8/0x2c0
device_release_driver+0x14/0x20
brcmf_sdio_bus_remove+0x2c/0x40 [brcmfmac]
brcmf_fwvid_unregister_vendor+0xd8/0x170 [brcmfmac]
__exit_compat+0x18/0x418 [brcmfmac_cyw]
__arm64_sys_delete_module+0x1ac/0x244
The log was taken with debug=0x406 on an i.MX 8M Plus board with a
CYW55513 (Sona IF513) on SDIO. The driver is the Ezurio backport of
brcmfmac from v6.18.22 on a 5.4-rt kernel. The code involved is the same
in mainline.
To reproduce:
1. Start wpa_supplicant on wlan0 and let it associate. It creates the
P2P device (iw dev shows "type P2P-device").
2. Stop wpa_supplicant and remove the driver without waiting for
wpa_supplicant to exit:
kill $(pidof wpa_supplicant)
rmmod brcmfmac_cyw brcmfmac
The crash is reproducible on that board.
For the interface without a netdev (the P2P device), take RTNL and the
wiphy mutex in brcmf_detach() before reading iflist, and remove it with
locked=true. If brcmf_p2p_del_vif() runs first, brcmf_detach() finds the
slot empty. If brcmf_detach() runs first, nl80211 does not find the wdev
any more. The interfaces with a netdev are removed as before, because
brcmf_del_if() takes RTNL on its own for the primary interface. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
wireguard: noise: reject response consumption after intermediate initiation
Two threads begin processing the identical response message, received
twice. The first thread, A, runs. While it's running, the second one,
B, gets partway through, and during that slow calculation, or even while
blocking on down_write(), A completes and then also a handshake
initiation that's already been queued up runs in thread C, which itself
takes that same down_write(). The handshake initiation creation
succeeds, and sets the state back to waiting-for-response, and calls
up_write(), at which point thread B resumes, because either its finished
its calculations or was finally allowed to acquire down_write(). Thread
B then copies the state back to the peer, and begins a new session,
using that state, which is the same session as the one made in thread A.
Thread A Thread B Thread C
down_read()
sA = handshake->state
memcpy(cA, handshake->crypto)
up_read()
if (sA != 1)
goto fail
slow_crypto(cA)
down_read()
sB = handshake->state
memcpy(cB, handshake->crypto)
up_read()
if (sB != 1)
goto fail
slow_crypto(cB)
down_write()
if (sA != handshake->state)
goto fail
memcpy(handshake->crypto, cA)
handshake->state = 2
up_write()
down_write()
if (handshake->state != 2)
goto fail
derive_session(handshake->crypto)
up_write()
down_write()
slow_crypto(handshake->crypto)
handshake->state = 1
up_write()
down_write()
if (sB != handshake->state)
goto fail
memcpy(handshake->crypto, cB)
handshake->state = 2
up_write()
down_write()
if (handshake->state != 2)
goto fail
derive_session(handshake->crypto)
up_write()
This seems basically impossible to hit in a meaningful way in practice,
but ensure that it absolutely cannot happen by comparing the ephemeral
private key that's on the stack with the latest one that the peer's
handshake state has. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
workqueue: Fix NULL current_pwq deref in chained work check
current_wq_worker() only tells us that %current is a kworker. It does
not guarantee that the worker is currently executing a work item, as
worker->current_pwq is populated only while process_one_work() is running
the work function.
is_chained_work() can be reached while queueing on a draining or
destroying workqueue. If a kworker outside work-item execution reaches
that path, current_wq_worker() returns a worker but worker->current_pwq is
NULL, and the chained-work test can fault before it emits the intended
warning.
Guard the chained-work test with worker->current_pwq. A kworker without
current_pwq is not executing work on the target workqueue, so the helper
should return false and let the draining/destroying warning fire. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
xen/netfront: don't leak the skb when xennet_fill_frags() fails
When a response chain has more slots than fit in the skb's frags,
xennet_fill_frags() returns an error and xennet_poll() jumps to its
error path. That path moves what's left on tmpq to errq to be freed,
but the skb being filled was already dequeued from tmpq, so it's never
freed. Each chain that overflows leaks the skb and the pages attached
to it as frags, and the backend decides how many slots it sends.
Put the skb back on tmpq before taking the error path, like the
xennet_set_skb_gso() failure just above it does. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
strparser: make sure __strp_recv isn't running before tearing down the parser
The comment above strp_done() claims that if strp is stopped,
strp_recv will no longer be called. That's only true if the caller has
a mechanism (eg locking) to guarantee that strp_recv() calls that
started before strp_stop() have completed by the time we call
strp_done().
This adds a dummy lock_sock/release_sock pair to guarantee that any
in-flight strp_recv() (which runs under either bh_lock_sock or
lock_sock, depending if it's called from ->sk_data_ready or strp_work)
has completed.
Only espintcp can be affected by this race condition, but this patch
makes sure no future user of strp can have the bug.
This could crash on strp->sk ("general mode" of strp), but this mode
has been here for 9 years and has never been used. It'll be gone soon,
no point worrying about it.
Switch the stopped/paused/etc bits to u8's to avoid races between
strp_stop() and strp_pause/unpause().
A reproducer has been published and turns the possible UAF into an
exploit [1]. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
tipc: destroy topsrv workqueues before closing connections
tipc_topsrv_stop() closed subscriber connections while the topology
server's send and receive workqueues were still running. Socket
callbacks and subscription events could then queue more work, and
in-flight send/recv work could drop the last connection reference
during the conn_idr walk.
That race produced several teardown failures: refcount_t addition on
0 from conn_get() on a connection whose release was blocked on
idr_lock, a subsequent use-after-free in tipc_conn_close(),
queue_work() on an already destroyed workqueue from the listener
data-ready callback, and an RCU stall in tipc_topsrv_exit_net()
while the walk spun under idr_lock.
Clear srv->listener under idr_lock so it acts as a shutdown flag,
skip queue_work() once it is NULL, destroy the workqueues to flush
in-flight work, and only then close the remaining connections.
Refuse tipc_conn_lookup() after that flag is cleared, and drop
idr_lock when the teardown walk finds no connection, so an
in-flight subscription event cannot pin idr_in_use while the
walk holds the lock.
v3 supersedes the narrower in-thread diff Tung Quang Nguyen
posted on 2026-09-23. It keeps his teardown order and adds the
lookup refusal and the empty-idr unlock. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
tipc: hold a reference to nodes found by link name
tipc_node_find_by_name() returns a node after dropping its RCU read lock
without taking a reference. The LINK_SET, LINK_GET and LINK_RESET_STATS
handlers then lock and access the node, racing with timer-driven cleanup of
a down peer. Generic netlink serialization does not exclude the node
timer.
The following interleaving can leave a handler using a freed node:
CPU 0: find the node under RCU and release the node read lock
CPU 1: tipc_node_timeout() clears the links and unlinks the down node
CPU 1: drop the list and timer references, queuing tipc_node_free()
CPU 0: leave the RCU read-side critical section
CPU 1: complete the grace period and free the node
CPU 0: acquire the node lock through the stale pointer
LINK_SET also uses the node's media address after releasing the node lock,
when passing queued packets to tipc_bearer_xmit().
KASAN on v7.3-rc5 reported:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in _raw_read_lock_bh
Write of size 4 at addr ffff88807e06f008 by task poc/92
Call Trace:
_raw_read_lock_bh kernel/locking/spinlock.c:287
tipc_nl_node_set_link net/tipc/node.c:2475
genl_family_rcv_msg_doit net/netlink/genetlink.c:1114
genl_rcv_msg net/netlink/genetlink.c:1209
netlink_rcv_skb net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2575
Allocated by task 0:
tipc_node_create net/tipc/node.c:539
tipc_node_check_dest net/tipc/node.c:1196
tipc_disc_rcv net/tipc/discover.c:252
Freed by task 92:
kfree mm/slub.c:6801
rcu_core kernel/rcu/tree.c:2919
Last potentially related work creation:
__call_rcu_common.constprop.0 kernel/rcu/tree.c:3181
tipc_node_timeout net/tipc/node.c:814
Acquire a reference to the selected node with kref_get_unless_zero() before
leaving RCU, returning NULL if the node has already been released. Release
that reference on every caller exit after the last node access, including
transmission in LINK_SET. Keep the existing link lookup order and locking
so concurrent link removal still takes the existing error paths. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
selinux: preserve NATIVE_LABELS on already-initialized sb in set_mnt_opts
When an NFSv4 filesystem exported with security_label is mounted a
second time, sget_fc() returns the existing superblock and
nfs_get_root() calls security_sb_set_mnt_opts() again on it. Since the
superblock is already SB_INITIALIZED, selinux_set_mnt_opts() takes an
early exit without setting SECURITY_LSM_NATIVE_LABELS in
*set_kern_flags. nfs_get_root() then sees kflags without
SECURITY_LSM_NATIVE_LABELS set and clears NFS_CAP_SECURITY_LABEL on
the shared nfs_server, silently disabling per-file labeling for both
the new and the original mount.
Commit 3815a245b501 ("security/selinux: fix SECURITY_LSM_NATIVE_LABELS
on reused superblock") fixed the same problem in
selinux_sb_clone_mnt_opts(). The reused-superblock path for a plain
second mount now goes through sb_set_mnt_opts rather than
sb_clone_mnt_opts, so it needs the same treatment: on both
SE_SBINITIALIZED early exits, set SECURITY_LSM_NATIVE_LABELS in
*set_kern_flags when the superblock was already using
SECURITY_FS_USE_NATVE. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
gpio: xilinx: fix runtime PM leak on request error path
pm_runtime_get_sync() leaves the usage counter incremented even when it
fails, and xgpio_request() returns the error without dropping it.
gpiolib does not call ->free() when ->request() fails, so xgpio_free(),
which holds the only matching pm_runtime_put(), never runs. The reference
is leaked and the controller can no longer runtime-suspend, so its clock
stays enabled.
Switch to pm_runtime_resume_and_get(), which only increments the usage
counter on success. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ibmveth: h_free logical LAN on open-fail after register
ibmveth_open() registers the logical LAN, then allocates the RX
buffer pools. A pool failure jumps to out_free_buffer_pools without
h_free_logical_lan(), so PHYP still owns the buffer-list page when
it is unmapped. request_irq() failure already issued the hypercall
before taking the same label.
Move that h_free to the shared post-register unwind so both paths
deregister before the buffer list is unmapped. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ice: fix metadata_dst refcount handling on representor teardown
ice_eswitch_release_repr() uses metadata_dst_free() to release the
representor's metadata_dst. metadata_dst_free() directly frees the
underlying memory without checking the dst_entry refcount.
When ice_eswitch_port_start_xmit() processes a packet, it takes a
reference via dst_hold() and attaches the metadata_dst to the skb.
If the representor is torn down while packets are still queued on
the lower device (e.g. in a qdisc), the metadata_dst is freed while
references are still held.
Use dst_release() instead, which correctly decrements the refcount
and only frees the object when all references are dropped. The dst
subsystem already handles metadata_dst cleanup in dst_destroy() when
DST_METADATA is set.
Other drivers sharing this pattern (nfp, airoha, bnxt) already use
dst_release() for their metadata_dst lifecycle. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ip6_gre: remove obsolete ERSPAN PMTU update
A tc tunnel_key action can attach a METADATA_IP_TUNNEL dst to an skb,
and mirred can redirect it to a native ip6erspan device. The legacy PMTU
update in ip6erspan_tunnel_xmit() treats that metadata dst as a route.
Since it has no output device, dst_dev(dst)->mtu dereferences NULL.
On v7.2 with KASAN, an initial UID/GID 65534 process with CapEff 0 used
self-created user and network namespaces to trigger:
KASAN: null-ptr-deref
RIP: ip6erspan_tunnel_xmit+0x10fc/0x2cc0
Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt
The update is obsolete. Commit fe1a4ca0a2b7 ("ip6_gre: process toobig
in a better way") changed IPv6 GRE Too Big handling to update the
underlay route and removed the equivalent block from __gre6_xmit().
ip6_tnl_xmit() then propagates the underlay PMTU to the overlay route.
Remove the stale ERSPAN copy and its now-unused dst variable. This
eliminates the metadata-dst dereference and keeps ERSPAN aligned with
IPv6 GRE PMTU handling. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
KEYS: Fix add_key() race with keyring restriction
__key_create_or_update() snapshots keyring->restrict_link before taking
the destination keyring's semaphore. keyring_restrict() installs a
restriction while holding that semaphore.
This allows a writer to observe no restriction, wait for the keyring
owner to install a reject-all restriction and return successfully, and
then link a key using the stale NULL snapshot. The writer only needs
write permission on the destination keyring.
Move the restrict_link read after __key_link_lock() and
__key_link_begin(). The read and the subsequent restriction check are
then serialized with restriction installation by keyring->sem.
The race was reproduced on v7.2.8 in 19 executions where restriction
installation returned before the link completed. All 19 linked the key
despite the reject-all restriction. With this change, 312 executions
reached the same ordering and every add_key() call failed with -EPERM.
The issue was found by manual concurrency analysis assisted by AI-based
analysis and independently verified with a QEMU reproducer and kernel
instrumentation. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
memstick: core: wait for request completion before freeing card
In memstick_alloc_card() and memstick_set_rw_addr(),
wait_for_completion_timeout() is used to wait for device identification
and address configuration requests to complete.
The memstick subsystem does not provide an abort or cancellation
callback in struct memstick_host for in-flight requests. If
wait_for_completion_timeout() expires (for instance, when a USB transfer
or command retry is delayed), memstick_alloc_card() returns an error and
frees the memstick_dev structure via kfree(card).
However, the host controller driver (such as rtsx_usb_ms) is still
running the request asynchronously in worker context. When the transfer
eventually finishes, the driver writes into host->req->data, which
points to memory inside the already freed card structure. This leads to
a KASAN slab-use-after-free write:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in ms_read_bytes+0x8fe/0x990
Write of size 1 at addr ffff88813c188079 by task kworker/1:5/5239
Workqueue: events rtsx_usb_ms_handle_req
Call Trace:
ms_read_bytes+0x8fe/0x990 drivers/memstick/host/rtsx_usb_ms.c:450
rtsx_usb_ms_issue_cmd drivers/memstick/host/rtsx_usb_ms.c:477 [inline]
rtsx_usb_ms_handle_req+0x557/0x1a00 drivers/memstick/host/rtsx_usb_ms.c:531
process_one_work+0xac7/0x1b10 kernel/workqueue.c:3396
worker_thread+0x5ef/0xe50 kernel/workqueue.c:3560
kthread+0x373/0x450 kernel/kthread.c:436
Allocated by task 1662:
memstick_alloc_card drivers/memstick/core/memstick.c:383 [inline]
memstick_check+0x2c1/0x10d0 drivers/memstick/core/memstick.c:452
process_one_work+0xac7/0x1b10 kernel/workqueue.c:3396
Freed by task 1662:
kfree+0x20c/0x650 mm/slub.c:6792
memstick_alloc_card drivers/memstick/core/memstick.c:420 [inline]
memstick_check+0x72b/0x10d0 drivers/memstick/core/memstick.c:452
process_one_work+0xac7/0x1b10 kernel/workqueue.c:3396
Host controller drivers (rtsx_usb_ms, jmb38x_ms, tifm_ms, r592) already
implement their own hardware and bus timeouts, and callers in
mspro_block and ms_block already rely on wait_for_completion()
unconditionally.
Replace wait_for_completion_timeout() with wait_for_completion() in
memstick_set_rw_addr() and memstick_alloc_card() so that the card
structure is never freed while an asynchronous request is in flight. |
| In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
memstick: rtsx_usb_ms: complete requests after eject instead of dropping them
memstick_check() can pass its host->removing check just before
rtsx_usb_ms_drv_remove() sets eject/removing. Its next request is then
silently dropped: rtsx_usb_ms_request() skips schedule_work() once eject
is set, and drv_remove's cancel_work_sync() can also cancel a queued
handle_req before it picks the request up. Nobody completes
card->mrq_complete.
Once memstick core waits for requests without a timeout ("memstick: core:
wait for request completion before freeing card"), this hangs removal:
memstick_check() never returns and memstick_remove_host() blocks in
flush_workqueue():
INFO: task kworker/u10:3:65 blocked for more than 20 seconds.
Workqueue: kmemstick memstick_check
__wait_for_common
memstick_check
INFO: task kworker/1:1:33 blocked for more than 20 seconds.
Workqueue: usb_hub_wq hub_event
__flush_workqueue
memstick_remove_host
rtsx_usb_ms_drv_remove
Never drop a request. rtsx_usb_ms_request() always schedules handle_req,
and handle_req fails requests with -ENOMEDIUM once eject is set, without
touching the device. drv_remove flushes handle_req instead of cancelling
it, and cancels it only after memstick_remove_host(), when no new
request can arrive, so it cannot run on a freed host.
The host_mutex drain in drv_remove is removed: handle_req always leaves
host->req NULL when it finishes, so the drain never had anything to do,
and it would now race with handle_req. |
